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D4 RAW MATERIALS ECONOMICS
Concept
36
Methods & Tools
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36
Methods & Tools
Serious Gaming Method
Scenario Development Method
Footprint methods
Economy Wide Material Flow Accounting
System Dynamic Modelling
Wild-Cards and Weak Signals
Mine closure process (overview of different phases and actions)
Three-part quantitative assessment method
Critical Raw Materials
Delphi Surveys
Importance for industry
Idea Network
Material and Substance Flow Analysis (M/SFA)
Genius Forecasting Method
Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)
The Future Wheels
2D Predictivity Mapping
DPSIR Framework
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Reconciliation in Material Flow Analysis
SWOT analysis
Mind-mapping
Agent-based modelling (ABM) method
Morphological Analysis Method
Supply risk, an overview
Back-casting
Cross-impact analysis (CIA)
Trend Extrapolation
Systems of reporting for mineral resources and reserves
STEEP(LED) Analysis
Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)
Supply risk
Causal Layered Analysis (CLA)
Parameter uncertainty in mineral intelligence analyses
Environmental Extended Input Output Analysis (EEIOA)
Citizens’ panel or Focus Groups
38
Documentation
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38
Documentation
Substitute criticality (Supply risk/Substitution)
Geopolitical risk
Geostatistical Estimates
Social Licence to Operate and Corporate Social Responsibility
Major metals and their companion metals metallogeny. The so-called ‘by-products’
Types of drilling in mining
Raw Materials Foresight Guide
Criticality of mineral raw materials
Resource Efficiency
Compensation concept
Cost of substitution (Importance for industry/Substit.)
Energy Transition
Environmental Impact Assessment EIA
Substitute production (Supply risk/Substitution)
Substitution (Importance for industry)
Mineral Resources and Reserves Estimation
Production concentration
Substitute coproduction (Supply risk/Substitution)
Mineral deposits of public importance: the MINATURA2020 Approach
Import dependence
Panorama of the European Mineral Resources Industry
Conflict Minerals
HHI indexes (global and EU)
Substitution (Supply risk)
The VERAM H2020 project: looking toward 2050…
Performance of subst. (Importance for industry/Subst.)
Life cycle of a mining project
Cost–benefit analysis
3D Modelling (Block)
Exploration phases
Tax incentives for circular economy
Mineral deposits groups and types
Trade restrictions
Feasibility Study
Strategic, critical, high-tech, rare, and minor metals
CRM_InnoNet: the end of project brochure
Substitution: the CRM_InnoNet vision
EU Knowledge data platforms
9
Legislation
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9
Legislation
Critical Raw Material List - 2011
Directive 2014/52/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014
Critical Raw Materials List - 2017
List of Critical Raw Materials (CRM) - 2011
Directive 2011/65/EU on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in WEEE
REACH Directive
Critical Raw Materials List - 2014
List of CRM
List of CRM - 2014
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Data
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92
Data
Commodity end uses
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Annual detailed enterprise statistics for industry (NACE Rev. 2, B-E)
Value added
Raw Materials Scoreboard
Roskill
Statistics on the Production of Manufactured Goods (PRODCOM NACE Rev.2)
Critical (and non-critical) raw materials factsheets
Sectorial demand
Metal Recycling - Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure
Critical Raw Materials Substitution Profiles [2015] (CRM_InnoNet)
European Union Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB)
Review of the Future Resource Risks Faced by UK Business and an Assessment of Future Viability
Annex to the Report of Critical Raw Materials for the EU [2014]; Critical Raw Materials Profiles
MineralsUK
Platts Market Data - Metals
Croatian Bureau of Statistics - Industrial production (annual PRODCOM results)
Metal Bulletin
International Lead and Zinc Study Group (ILZSG)
World Mineral Statistics
European Commission - Environment - Waste
Futures Research Methodology (Delphi)
Minerals4EU Yearbook
Risk List [2015]
World Mining Data
EURARE Information Knowledge Management System (IKMS)
911 Metallurgist. A practical guide to mineral processing engineering
International Copper Study Group (ICSG)
European Commission web pages on critical raw materials
United Nations Commodity Trade Database
Life Cycle Data Network - European Platform on Life Cycle Assessment
A framework and requirements for Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) models and indicators (ILCD Handbook)
Raw materials critical to the Scottish economy - Annexe A [2011]
Global Edge
Policy and strategy for raw materials
Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA) standard for responsible mining IRMA-STD-001
World Steel Association
Analysis of existing Environmental Impact Assessment methodologies for use in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
World Gold Council
EMIRI - The Energy Materials Industrial Research Initiative
Environment data centre on waste - Eurostat
London Metal Exchange (LME)
Future of Manufacturing Project: Evidence Paper 27 Foresight, Government Office for Science, The future impact of materials security on the UK manufacturing industry
International Nickel Study Group (INSG)
Creating consolidated and aggregated EU27 Supply, Use and Input- Output Tables, adding environmental extensions (air emissions), and conducting Leontief-type modelling to approximate carbon and other 'footprints' of EU27 consumption for 2000 to 2006
Sustainable Aggregates Planning in South East Europe (SNAP)
Metal stocks in society - Scientific Synthesis
Raw materials critical to the Scottish economy [2011]
United States Geological Survey, Country Statistics
Recycling rates of metals - A Status Report
Report of Critical Raw Materials for the EU [2014]
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the Access to secondary raw materials (scrap iron, recycled paper etc)
European Technology Platform on Sustainable Mineral Resources
Economy-wide material flow accounts and derived indicators. A methodological guide
Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia
Economy-wide Material Flow Accounts (EW-MFA), Compilation Guide
Australian junior exploration floats, 2001-06, and their implications for IPOs
Statista - The Statistics Portal
Europroms User’s guide. Prodcom data
Critical Raw Materials Innovation Network (CRM_Innonet) - Substitution of Critical Raw Materials
Euromines
Solving the E-Waste Problem (Step) White Paper. One Global Definition of E-Waste
World Coal Association
Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) - Review of national resource strategies and research
World Bank Commodity Price Data
SWOT analysis of concepts, methods and models potentially supporting LCA
Mineral Resources Committee of the Instititution of Mining Engineers of Chile
Cobalt Development Institute (CDI)
Policy Review on Decoupling: Development of indicators to assess decoupling of economic development and environmental pressure in the EU-25 and AC-3 countries
Materials critical to the energy industry (An introduction)
Decoupling, natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth
MetalPrices.com - raw material pricing for metal products
Anthropospheric losses of platinum group elements
Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform (EU-UMKDP -ProSUM)
Environmnetal Risks and Challenges of Anthropogenic Metals Flows and Cycles
South African code for the reporting of Mineral Asset Valuations (The SAMVAL Code)
Eurostat - International Trade Database (COMEXT)
Central Statistical Office of Poland
Shanghai Metals Market - the leading metals information prorovider in China
Corporate income taxes mining royalties and other mining taxes, a summary of taxes and rules in selected countries
EIONET - European Topic Centre on Sustainable Consumption and Production: Material Flows, Concepts and Methodology
Statistics Lithuania
Market Data, Infomine
Industrial Minerals Magazine
United States Geological Survey, Commodity Statistics
Anthropogenic nickel cycle: Insights into use, trade, and recycling
United Nations University 1st Global E-waste Monitor 2014
StatBank Denmark
I.Stat
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council - The raw materials initiative : meeting our critical needs for growth and jobs in Europe
Minerals4EU-EU Minerals Knowledge Data Platform (EU-MKDP)
ARIMA models and the Box Jenkins methodology
3
Portal
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3
Portal
JRC Raw Materials Information System (RMIS)
EU-CRMKDP: European Union Critical Raw Materials Knowledge Data Platform
Technology Metals Research (TMR). What Are Technology Metals?
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6
Related Concepts
Parent concepts
MICA
Direct subconcepts
Supply
Demand
Investment
Costs
Commodity prices
Critical raw materials
60
Articles & Reports
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60
Articles & Reports
Different methods are needed to propagate ignorance and variability
Critical Raw Materials Factsheets
Barteková, E. and Kemp, R. 2016. National strategies for securing a stable supply of rare earths in different world regions.
Criticality on the international scene: Quo vadis?
MINATURA2020 – Mineral Deposits of Public Importance (a)
Sairinen et al.. (2012), Responsible mining: A toolkit for the prevention and mediation of conflicts
Characterization of raw materials based on supply risk indicators for Europe
Life cycle indicators for resources, products and waste
Groothuis F. (2016), New era. New plan. Europe. A fiscal strategy for an inclusive, circular economy, The Ex’tax Project
SCRREEN D3.2: Identification and quantification of secondary CRM resources in Europe
Life Cycle Assessment and criticality of raw materials: relationship and potential synergies
Critical Metals in the Path towards the Decarbonisation of the EU Energy Sector
Bastein et al. (2013), Opportunities for circular economy in the Netherlands
SCRREEN D2.1: Report on the Current Use of Critical Raw Materials
SCRREEN D4.3: Circular Economy and zero waste aspects and business models of production
Raw material 'criticality'—sense or nonsense?
Joint propagation and exploitation of probabilistic and possibilistic information in risk assessment models
DERA Report 2016: Rohstoffe fur Zukunftstechnologien 2016
Habib, K., Hamelin, L., Wenzel. H. 2016. A dynamic perspective of the geopolitical supply risk of metals
National Research Council of the National Academies. 2007. Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy. 159 pp.
A fuzzy constraint-based approach to data reconciliation in material flow analysis
LCA of metals: a scientific synthesis
SCRREEN D4.2: Production technologies of CRM from secondary resources
Risk-informed decision-making in the presence of epistemic uncertainty
Fuzzy sets as a basis for a theory of possibility
Mancini, L., Benini, L., Sala, S. 2016. Characterization of raw materials based on supply risk indicators for Europe
Techniques for solving industrial nonlinear data reconciliation problems
Imprecise probabilities in engineering analyses
SCRREEN D3.1: Identification and quantification of primary CRM resources in Europe
Machacek, E., Richter, J.L., Lane, R. 2017. Governance and Risk-Value Constructions in Closing Loops of Rare Earth Elements in Global Value Chains
Minerals4EU Foresight Studies
Anastasio M. (2016), The circular economy- practical steps to enhance the EU package, Green budget Europe
Raw material criticality in the context of classical risk assessment
Reichel et al. (2016), Circular economy in Europe. Developing the knowlwdge base
Stahel WR. 2013 Policy for material efficiency—sustainable taxation as a departure from the throwaway society
Buijs, B., Sievers, H., Tercero Espinoza, L.A. 2012. Limits to the critical raw materials approach. Proceedings.
Nuss, P., Graedel, T.E., Alonso, E., Carroll, A. 2016. Mapping supply chain risk by network analysis of product platforms.
Nansai, K. et al. 2017. The role of primary processing in the supply risks of critical metals.
Mining economist opinions on using multi-agent methodology to simulate metal markets
Potential of life cycle assessment for supporting the management of critical raw materials
Erdmann, L., Behrendt, S., Feil M. 2011. Kritische Rohstoffe fuer Deutschland. Im Auftrag der KfW Bankengruppe.
SCRREEN D4.1: Production technologies of CRM from primary resources
ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Mineral Exploration and Development: Risk and Reward
MINATURA2020 – Mineral Deposits of Public importance (b)
Critical Raw Materials Substitution Profiles
EU policy on mineral resources
Resource Criticality in Modern Economies: Agent-Based Model Demonstrates Vulnerabilities...
Global critical materials markets: An agent-based modeling approach
Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy
Agents of change: Conventional economic models failed to foresee the financial crisis....
Limits to the critical raw materials approach
Congress critical of foot-dragging on critical materials
Critical Metals Handbook
Material Security: ensuring resource availability for the UK economy
Kritische Rohstoffe für Deutschland
Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy. Report in brief.
Substitution of critical raw materials in low-carbon technologies
Prospective analysis of the world lithium market: contribution to the evaluation of supply shortage
Le problème des métaux et des terres rares
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Other
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9
Other
SCRREEN D5.1: CRM Profiles
Directive 2011/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011
Circular Economy
Julienne D. (2012). Le problème des métaux et des terres rares.
A Community approach on the prevention of natural and man-made disasters (2009/2151(INI))
Study on the Review of the List of Critical Raw Materials
DIRECTIVE 2009/147/EC of 30 November 2009
Relevance Tree Method
Technology Metals Research (TMR). What Are Technology Metals?
16
Question
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16
Question
Which raw materials are critical for the EU and why?
Where will we get the substitution material?
What other possibilities for substitution for commodity x?
Which minerals will become critical in 30 years and where can we find them?
How big is the in-use stocks of different critical raw materials (CRMs) in Europe?
What shall be done for preparing and submitting an EIA study for the development of mineral resources?
How does the production of major metals affect the production of companion metals?
How much is being invested in exploration for commodity/metal x?
What are the different forecasting methods and their use?
Which method could be used for an analysis of factors, drivers, impacts, challenges, ...?
What is the future availability of a specific metal?
How much of commodity x will Europe be producing in year x?
Which type of Raw Material based industry will be developed in the near future and how do we supply them?
How will the future supply and demand of future raw materials develop?
What is the overall timeframe and cost associated with bringing a commodity to a user?
What are possible substitutes for material x in product y and how will this influence the environmental impacts of the product?
12
FlowSheet
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12
FlowSheet
Which raw materials are critical for the EU?
Major metals vs companion metals
Exploration cost for a commodity X
How to estimate the future availability of a specific metal?
Trying to predict which minerals will become critical in 30 years and then, where to find them?
How to forecast the production of a given commodity in Europe at a given time?
Importance of the in-use stocks of different CRMs in Europe
What are the possibilities of substitution for a given commodity and from where will we get the substitution material?
Evolution of the Raw Materials-based industry in the near future and its supply
Future demand and supply of raw materials: what evolution?
Timeframe and cost for bringing a commodity to a user
Substitution and its possible environmental impact