MICA Knowledge Base

Three-part quantitative assessment method Critical Raw Materials Importance for industry 2D Predictivity Mapping Reconciliation in Material Flow Analysis Agent-based modelling (ABM) method Supply risk, an overview Supply risk

Substitute criticality (Supply risk/Substitution) Geopolitical risk Major metals and their companion metals metallogeny. The so-called ‘by-products’ Criticality of mineral raw materials Cost of substitution (Importance for industry/Substit.) Substitute production (Supply risk/Substitution) Substitution (Importance for industry) Production concentration Substitute coproduction (Supply risk/Substitution) Mineral deposits of public importance: the MINATURA2020 Approach Import dependence Panorama of the European Mineral Resources Industry HHI indexes (global and EU) Substitution (Supply risk) Performance of subst. (Importance for industry/Subst.) Mineral deposits groups and types Trade restrictions Strategic, critical, high-tech, rare, and minor metals CRM_InnoNet: the end of project brochure Substitution: the CRM_InnoNet vision EU Knowledge data platforms

Critical Raw Material List - 2011 Critical Raw Materials List - 2017 List of Critical Raw Materials (CRM) - 2011 Directive 2011/65/EU on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in WEEE REACH Directive Critical Raw Materials List - 2014 List of CRM List of CRM - 2014

Commodity end uses Annual detailed enterprise statistics for industry (NACE Rev. 2, B-E) Value added Statistics on the Production of Manufactured Goods (PRODCOM NACE Rev.2) Sectorial demand Critical Raw Materials Substitution Profiles [2015] (CRM_InnoNet) European Union Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB) Review of the Future Resource Risks Faced by UK Business and an Assessment of Future Viability Annex to the Report of Critical Raw Materials for the EU [2014]; Critical Raw Materials Profiles MineralsUK International Lead and Zinc Study Group (ILZSG) World Mineral Statistics Minerals4EU Yearbook Risk List [2015] World Mining Data International Copper Study Group (ICSG) European Commission web pages on critical raw materials Raw materials critical to the Scottish economy - Annexe A [2011] Global Edge Policy and strategy for raw materials Analysis of existing Environmental Impact Assessment methodologies for use in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). EMIRI - The Energy Materials Industrial Research Initiative Future of Manufacturing Project: Evidence Paper 27 Foresight, Government Office for Science, The future impact of materials security on the UK manufacturing industry International Nickel Study Group (INSG) Creating consolidated and aggregated EU27 Supply, Use and Input- Output Tables, adding environmental extensions (air emissions), and conducting Leontief-type modelling to approximate carbon and other 'footprints' of EU27 consumption for 2000 to 2006 Raw materials critical to the Scottish economy [2011] Recycling rates of metals - A Status Report Report of Critical Raw Materials for the EU [2014] Critical Raw Materials Innovation Network (CRM_Innonet) - Substitution of Critical Raw Materials Euromines World Coal Association Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) - Review of national resource strategies and research Materials critical to the energy industry (An introduction) Anthropospheric losses of platinum group elements Industrial Minerals Magazine Anthropogenic nickel cycle: Insights into use, trade, and recycling Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council - The raw materials initiative : meeting our critical needs for growth and jobs in Europe

EU-CRMKDP: European Union Critical Raw Materials Knowledge Data Platform Technology Metals Research (TMR). What Are Technology Metals?

Parent concepts

Direct subconcepts

Supply risk Importance for industry

Critical Raw Materials Factsheets Barteková, E. and Kemp, R. 2016. National strategies for securing a stable supply of rare earths in different world regions. Criticality on the international scene: Quo vadis? MINATURA2020 – Mineral Deposits of Public Importance (a) Characterization of raw materials based on supply risk indicators for Europe SCRREEN D3.2: Identification and quantification of secondary CRM resources in Europe Life Cycle Assessment and criticality of raw materials: relationship and potential synergies Critical Metals in the Path towards the Decarbonisation of the EU Energy Sector SCRREEN D2.1: Report on the Current Use of Critical Raw Materials SCRREEN D4.3: Circular Economy and zero waste aspects and business models of production Raw material 'criticality'—sense or nonsense? Habib, K., Hamelin, L., Wenzel. H. 2016. A dynamic perspective of the geopolitical supply risk of metals National Research Council of the National Academies. 2007. Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy. 159 pp. A fuzzy constraint-based approach to data reconciliation in material flow analysis SCRREEN D4.2: Production technologies of CRM from secondary resources Mancini, L., Benini, L., Sala, S. 2016. Characterization of raw materials based on supply risk indicators for Europe Techniques for solving industrial nonlinear data reconciliation problems SCRREEN D3.1: Identification and quantification of primary CRM resources in Europe Machacek, E., Richter, J.L., Lane, R. 2017. Governance and Risk-Value Constructions in Closing Loops of Rare Earth Elements in Global Value Chains Minerals4EU Foresight Studies Anastasio M. (2016), The circular economy- practical steps to enhance the EU package, Green budget Europe Raw material criticality in the context of classical risk assessment Buijs, B., Sievers, H., Tercero Espinoza, L.A. 2012. Limits to the critical raw materials approach. Proceedings. Nuss, P., Graedel, T.E., Alonso, E., Carroll, A. 2016. Mapping supply chain risk by network analysis of product platforms. Nansai, K. et al. 2017. The role of primary processing in the supply risks of critical metals. Mining economist opinions on using multi-agent methodology to simulate metal markets Potential of life cycle assessment for supporting the management of critical raw materials Erdmann, L., Behrendt, S., Feil M. 2011. Kritische Rohstoffe fuer Deutschland. Im Auftrag der KfW Bankengruppe. SCRREEN D4.1: Production technologies of CRM from primary resources MINATURA2020 – Mineral Deposits of Public importance (b) Critical Raw Materials Substitution Profiles EU policy on mineral resources Resource Criticality in Modern Economies: Agent-Based Model Demonstrates Vulnerabilities... Global critical materials markets: An agent-based modeling approach Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy Agents of change: Conventional economic models failed to foresee the financial crisis.... Limits to the critical raw materials approach Congress critical of foot-dragging on critical materials Critical Metals Handbook Material Security: ensuring resource availability for the UK economy Kritische Rohstoffe für Deutschland Minerals, critical minerals, and the US economy. Report in brief. Substitution of critical raw materials in low-carbon technologies Le problème des métaux et des terres rares

SCRREEN D5.1: CRM Profiles Julienne D. (2012). Le problème des métaux et des terres rares. Study on the Review of the List of Critical Raw Materials Technology Metals Research (TMR). What Are Technology Metals?

Which raw materials are critical for the EU and why? Where will we get the substitution material? What other possibilities for substitution for commodity x? Which minerals will become critical in 30 years and where can we find them? How big is the in-use stocks of different critical raw materials (CRMs) in Europe? What is the future availability of a specific metal? How will the future supply and demand of future raw materials develop? What are possible substitutes for material x in product y and how will this influence the environmental impacts of the product?

Which raw materials are critical for the EU? How to estimate the future availability of a specific metal? Trying to predict which minerals will become critical in 30 years and then, where to find them? How to forecast the production of a given commodity in Europe at a given time? Importance of the in-use stocks of different CRMs in Europe What are the possibilities of substitution for a given commodity and from where will we get the substitution material? Future demand and supply of raw materials: what evolution? Substitution and its possible environmental impact